How to determine high blood pressure
Hypertension is a common chronic disease, and long-term uncontrolled may lead to serious consequences such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. So, how do you determine whether you have high blood pressure? This article will combine popular topics and hot content on the entire network for the past 10 days to provide you with structured data and detailed answers.
1. Definition of high blood pressure
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and national hypertension guidelines, the definition of high blood pressure is as follows:
| Blood pressure classification | Systolic pressure (mmHg) | Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
|---|---|---|
| Normal blood pressure | <120 | <80 |
| Normal high value | 120-139 | 80-89 |
| Hypertension (Level 1) | 140-159 | 90-99 |
| Hypertension (grade 2) | ≥160 | ≥100 |
2. How to measure blood pressure
Accurate blood pressure measurement is the key to determining whether you have high blood pressure. Here are the steps to measure blood pressure:
1.Preparation: Avoid smoking, drinking coffee or strenuous exercise 30 minutes before measurement, and sit quietly for 5 minutes.
2.Correct posture: Sit upright, your arms are placed flat on the table, and your cuffs are as high as your heart.
3.Use qualified equipment: Choose a certified electronic sphygmomanometer or mercury sphygmomanometer.
4.Multiple measurements: It is recommended to measure 2-3 times at different times and take the average value.
3. Symptoms of hypertension
There may be no obvious symptoms in the early stage of hypertension, but as the condition develops, the following symptoms may occur:
| Common Symptoms | Severe Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Headache | Chest pain |
| Dizziness | Difficulty in breathing |
| tinnitus | Blurred vision |
| Heart palpitations | Confused consciousness |
4. Risk factors for hypertension
Understanding the risk factors of hypertension can help with early prevention:
| Uncontrollable factors | Controllable factors |
|---|---|
| Age (over 40 years old) | High-salt diet |
| Family History | Lack of exercise |
| Gender (more risky for men) | obesity |
| Race (Africans are at higher risk) | Smoking and drinking |
5. Steps to confirm hypertension
If you suspect you may have high blood pressure, it is recommended to follow these steps to confirm the diagnosis:
1.Home monitoring: Blood pressure is measured once in the morning and evening for 7 consecutive days, and the data is recorded.
2.Hospital visit: Carry recorded data to the cardiology department for treatment, and the doctor may conduct dynamic blood pressure monitoring.
3.Laboratory inspection: Including routine urine, blood lipids, blood sugar, etc., to evaluate target organ damage.
4.Exclude secondary hypertension: Secondary factors such as renal artery stenosis are excluded through imaging examination.
6. Recent hot topics
According to the hot topics of the entire network for the past 10 days, the discussion on hypertension mainly focuses on the following aspects:
1.The development progress of new antihypertensive drugs: Several pharmaceutical companies have released clinical trial data of the new generation of antihypertensive drugs.
2.Accuracy of smart wearable devices: The reliability of the blood pressure measurement function of smart watches has caused heated discussion.
3.The relationship between diet and blood pressure: New evidence supports the effectiveness of Mediterranean diet in lowering blood pressure.
4.Remote blood pressure management: During the epidemic, the application cases of remote blood pressure monitoring technology have increased.
7. Prevention and management advice
For patients who have been diagnosed with hypertension, the following measures are recommended:
| Lifestyle adjustment | Medical intervention |
|---|---|
| DASH diet (low salt, high potassium) | Take medicine regularly |
| 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week | Regular follow-up |
| Weight control (BMI<24) | Blood Pressure Diary |
| Smoking cessation and alcohol restriction | Complication screening |
Summary: Determining high blood pressure requires scientific measurement methods and professional medical evaluation. By understanding blood pressure standards, correct measurement methods, relevant symptoms and risk factors, we can help us detect hypertension early. Once diagnosed, you should actively cooperate with doctors for treatment and management to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
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